{"product_id":"smalt-standard","title":"Smalt, standard grind, PB 32","description":"\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"2\"\u003eAs the oldest man-made cobalt blue pigment, \u003cb data-path-to-node=\"2\" data-index-in-node=\"44\"\u003eSmalt\u003c\/b\u003e derives its name from the Italian \u003ci data-path-to-node=\"2\" data-index-in-node=\"84\"\u003esmaltare\u003c\/i\u003e, meaning \"to melt.\" It is a potash silicate glass, deeply colored with cobalt oxide, then quenched and ground into a fine powder. While its exact origins are obscure, cobalt has been identified in ancient Egyptian glass, though there is no evidence it was used as a painter's pigment in antiquity.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"3\"\u003eThe European history of smalt began in earnest around the mid-15th century following the discovery of cobalt minerals near the Bohemia-Saxony border. It became a staple of German Renaissance and Baroque painting, prized especially for depicting the sky in frescoes. By the early 20th century, the rise of stable industrial blues nearly erased the knowledge of smalt from history. This changed in 1977, when Georg Kremer successfully recreated the pigment, leading to the founding of \u003cb data-path-to-node=\"3\" data-index-in-node=\"483\"\u003eKremer Pigmente\u003c\/b\u003e. Today, Kremer Pigmente remains the world’s sole manufacturer of smalt, producing it according to a traditional 1820 recipe.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"articleProperties\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"articlePropertyName\"\u003eChemical description:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"articlePropertyValue\"\u003eCobalt potassium silicate glass. Pigment Blue 32, C.I. 77365\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"articlePropertyName\"\u003eResistance to alkali:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"articlePropertyValue\"\u003e5 (1 is bad, 5 is best)\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"articlePropertyName\"\u003eResistance to lime:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"articlePropertyValue\"\u003e5 (1 is bad, 5 is best)\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"articlePropertyName\"\u003eResistance to acid:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"articlePropertyValue\"\u003e3 (1 is bad, 5 is best)\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"articlePropertyName\"\u003eChemical Formula:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"articlePropertyValue\"\u003eGlas\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"articlePropertyName\"\u003eLightfastness - thinned:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"articlePropertyValue\"\u003e8 (1 is bad, 8 is best)\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"articlePropertyName\"\u003eLightfastness - medium:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"articlePropertyValue\"\u003e8 (1 is bad, 8 is best)\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"articlePropertyName\"\u003eLightfastness - concentrated:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"articlePropertyValue\"\u003e8 (1 is bad, 8 is best)\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"articlePropertyName\"\u003eColorIndex:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"articlePropertyValue\"\u003ePB 32.77365\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"articlePropertyName\"\u003eOpacity:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"articlePropertyValue\"\u003etransparent\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"articlePropertyName\"\u003eSuitability:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"articlePropertyValue\"\u003eAcrylics, Ceramic, Lime \/ Fresco, Tempera\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Kremer Pigments","offers":[{"title":"50 g","offer_id":44754771869766,"sku":"10000.12050.104","price":39.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 g","offer_id":44754771836998,"sku":"10000.12100.108","price":66.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1 kg","offer_id":44669941252166,"sku":"10000.13010.124","price":605.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0676\/5009\/3126\/files\/10000_2.jpg?v=1771012205","url":"https:\/\/www.newyorkpigmentco.com\/products\/smalt-standard","provider":"New York Pigment Co.","version":"1.0","type":"link"}